Thursday 22 April 2021

Ableism and Deadnaming

In a previous blog post, I've written about use of the term woke and its associated vocabulary:

The woke dictionary is a way to soften speech in our "fear of offending" culture. Calling out others for using "dated" and "problematic language" is how students can virtue signal by showing off how sensitive they are. If you prequel anything slightly controversial with "speaking from a place of privilege," there's a better chance your peers won't label you a racist. 

A new term, at least for me, that can be added to the woke dictionary is ableism as used in this context in a recent BBC article

... disabled people experience widespread discrimination at nearly every level of society. This phenomenon, known as 'ableism' – discrimination based on disability – can take on various forms. Personal ableism might look like name-calling, or committing violence against a disabled person, while systemic ableism refers to the inequity disabled people experience as a result of laws and policy.

But ableism can also be indirect, even unintentional, in the form of linguistic micro-aggressions. As much as we all like to think we’re careful with the words we choose, ableist language is a pervasive part of our lexicon. Examples in pop culture are everywhere, and you’ve almost certainly used it yourself.

Frequently, ableist language (known to some as ‘disableist’ language) crops up in the slang we use, like calling something “dumb” or “lame”, or making a declaration like, “I’m so OCD!”. Though these might feel like casual slights or exclamations, they still do damage.

One can only smile at a phrase like "linguistic micro-aggression". Here is another definition of ableism taken from this source:

Ableism is the discrimination of and social prejudice against people with disabilities based on the belief that typical abilities are superior. At its heart, ableism is rooted in the assumption that disabled people require 'fixing' and defines people by their disability.

In the same vein, we have the words deadname and deadnaming that can be explained as follows:

A deadname is a trans person’s given or former name that they no longer use, also often referred to as a “given name” or “legal name”. While deadname is usually a noun, it’s also used, as in deadnaming, as a verb to refer to the act of using the wrong name for a trans person.

The above explanation is taken from a LifeHacker article. I don't want to dwell further on this sort of nonsense. Of course, demonstrating sensitivity to the evils of ableist language by avoiding its use in ones writing and conversation is described, somewhat pejoratively, as virtue signalling:

the action or practice of publicly expressing opinions or sentiments intended to demonstrate one's good character or the moral correctness of one's position on a particular issue

I won't go into the social ramifications of this sort of linguistic madness as this post is intended to simply draw attention to the meaning of the terminology.

Wednesday 14 April 2021

Word Visualisation

Yesterday I began a new Airtable database titled Vocabulary aimed at keeping track of new words that I come across. My first entry was minatory but firstly I had to set up my fields which I did but then I got to wondering whether this database approach was the way to go about tracking new words. What alternatives are available? I decided to investigate.

One option is VISUWORDS and Figure 1 shows what this site produced for minatory:

Figure 1: https://visuwords.com/minatory

There's more information here about what it does. Another site that offers word associations is the aptly titled wordassociation.org that has supposedly become the world’s largest database of word associations. Figure 2 shows its output for minatory:

Figure 2: http://wordassociation.org/words/minatory

Cleary, as judged by this site, minatory is not a commonly used word. 


Moving along, the above site is associated with etymology and is full of fascinating information but unfortunately nothing is listed for minatory. However, the Online Etymology Dictionary does list the word:
minatory (adj.)
"expressing a threat," 1530s, from French minatoire, from Late Latin minatorius "threatening," from minat-, stem of Latin minari "to threaten; jut, project," from minæ "threats; projecting points," from PIE root *men- (2) "to project." Related: Minatorially.

According to this source, "Wordnik.com is the world's biggest online English dictionary and includes multiple sources for each word -- sort of a one-stop shop for definitions. It includes synonyms, hypernyms, hyponyms, same context, forms, rhymes, reverse dictionary, and thousands of user-created lists." 
Here is the link to what is has to say about minatory. The examples provided are very helpful in gaining a good sense of its meaning e.g.
And if you approach the area from the country end - along the trackbed of the Cleobury Mortimer & Ditton Priors Light Railway - you are still met by a forest of minatory signs.
Even a Google Search for minatory-related images throws up interesting results as Figure 3  and Figure 4 show:


Figure 3: source



Figure 4: source

Of course, I'm a big fan of using rhyme as a means of remembering and reinforcing words. Rhyme Zone is a useful site in this regard. Remember that Visuwords links minatory to omen, portent, presage so the rhyming link to divinatory reminds us of this link.


9 letters:
crinatory

10 letters:
divinatory

11 letters:
combinatory, comminatory, declinatory, inclinatory

12 letters:
cachinnatory

Another way of reinforcing learning is to link the word to one in another language. For example, in Indonesian minatory best translate as mengancam e.g. a threatening look = tampilan yang mengancam. Google Translate offers mengerikan as a translation, a word which means horrible so that's not so good. See Figure 5. It's better to translate threatening.

Figure 5

In conclusion, I've modified my Airtable database in the light of my above investigation. It now looks as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6: link

Friday 2 April 2021

Rhyming Phrases

Lately I was thinking of rhyming phrases that occur in English. This site listed the following:

Chick flick 

A chick flick is used to describe a movie that appeals to young women.

I don’t usually watch chick flicks. I prefer action movies.

Rom com

A rom com is short-form for romantic comedy.

I only watch rom coms that have my favourite actor in them.

Meet and greet

A meet and greet is an event or session that involves a famous person meeting and getting to know people.

For example, your local mayor may organise a meet and greet ahead of a local election.

Meet and greet is a noun. However, if it’s used as an adjective, it should be hyphenated i.e. meet-and-greet.

Nearest and dearest

Nearest and dearest refer to people you’re very close to.

During Christmas, I always get gifts for my nearest and dearest.

Name and shame

To name and shame means to highlight the names of people or organisations in public and mention the wrong they did.

Companies that didn’t pay their employees on time were named and shamed by the government.

Shop till you drop

To shop till you drop means to keep on shopping until you’re so tired that you may fall down.

When there’s a sale on, my brother and I usually shop till we drop.

Make-or-break

Make-or-break is used to talk about a situation that’s very important and where the outcome can be either great success or complete failure.

Brain drain

A brain drain refers to a loss of talented individuals leaving their own country to another in pursuit of better economic opportunities.

Walk the talk

To walk the talk means to do as one says.

The residents watched and waited to see if the newly elected mayor will walk the talk.

You may also hear people say 'walk the walk'.

Chock-a-block

If someone’s chock-a-block, that means they’re extremely busy and have no time at all to do anything else. 

This site lists many more:

  • abracadabra
  • argle-bargle
  • argy-bargy
  • artsy-fartsy
  • backpack
  • backtrack
  • bandstand
  • bed head
  • bees knees
  • big rig
  • bigwig
  • blackjack
  • blame game
  • blues clues
  • bolo
  • booboo
  • boo-hoo
  • boogie-woogie
  • boot scoot
  • bowwow
  • boy toy
  • brain drain
  • bucket truck
  • bye-bye
  • chick-flick
  • chilly willy
  • chip dip
  • chock-a-block
  • chop shop
  • chug-a-lug
  • chunky monkey
  • claptrap
  • clean green
  • cookbook
  • crop top
  • cuddly-wuddly
  • cutie patootie
  • deadhead
  • ding-a-ling
  • ditch witch
  • double bubble
  • double trouble
  • downtown
  • easy cheese
  • easy-peasey
  • eency-weency
  • even-steven
  • fancy nancy
  • fancy-schmancy
  • fat cat
  • fender-bender
  • fiddle diddle
  • fight or flight
  • fit bit
  • flyby
  • fright night
  • froufrou
  • fuddy-duddy
  • fun run
  • fuzzy-wuzzy
  • gogo
  • go low
  • go pro
  • go slow
  • great state
  • green bean
  • ground round
  • haha
  • handstand
  • handy-dandy
  • hanky-panky
  • harum-scarum
  • heart smart
  • heebie-jeebies
  • helter skelter
  • heyday
  • hi-fi
  • higgledy-piggledy
  • high and dry
  • high fly
  • hippy-dippy
  • hobnob
  • hobo
  • hocus-pocus
  • hoddy-noddy
  • hodgepodge
  • hoi polloi
  • hoity-toity
  • hokey-pokey
  • holy cannoli
  • holy moly
  • hong kong
  • hoodoo
  • hooley-dooley
  • hot pot
  • hotshot
  • hotspot
  • hotsy-totsy
  • hubbub
  • huffing and puffing
  • hugger-mugger
  • hulu
  • humdrum
  • humpty dumpty
  • hurdy-gurdy
  • hurly-burly
  • hurry-scurry
  • hustle and bustle
  • itsy-bitsy
  • itty-bitty
  • jeepers creepers
  • jelly belly
  • jet set
  • kowtow
  • laffy taffy
  • lardy-dardy
  • lean and mean
  • lite brite
  • loosey-goosey
  • lovey-dovey
  • low and slow
  • low blow
  • low-flow
  • mama
  • mai tai
  • maintain
  • make or break
  • mars bars
  • mayday
  • melee
  • mellow yellow
  • might makes right
  • mojo
  • mukluk
  • mumbo-jumbo
  • namby-pamby
  • name game
  • naysay
  • night-light
  • night-night
  • nighty-night
  • nitty-gritty
  • nitwit
  • no-go
  • no-no
  • no-show
  • nutter butter
  • oingo boingo
  • okey dokey
  • one-ton
  • out and about
  • pall mall
  • papa
  • payday
  • pedal to the metal
  • pell-mell
  • phony-baloney
  • pickwick
  • picnic
  • pie in the sky
  • piggly wiggly
  • plain jane
  • polo
  • pooper scooper
  • pop-top
  • powwow
  • prime-time
  • pump and dump
  • quick pick
  • quiet riot
  • quite a sight
  • ragtag
  • rat-a-tat
  • razzle-dazzle
  • razzmatazz
  • reese’s pieces
  • righty tighty
  • ring ding
  • rinky-dink
  • roly-poly
  • rom-com
  • rootin’ tootin’
  • rough and tough
  • rough stuff
  • scat cat
  • shake and bake
  • shock jock
  • shoe goo
  • shout out
  • silly-willy
  • single mingle
  • sky high
  • slim jim
  • sloppy copy
  • slow-mo
  • snack pack
  • snail mail
  • snow blow
  • soho
  • solo
  • space case
  • space race
  • spruce goose
  • steak ‘n shake
  • stop and shop
  • study buddy
  • stun gun
  • sump pump
  • super-duper
  • tee-hee
  • teen scene
  • teenie-weenie
  • teensy-weensy
  • tepee
  • tex-mex
  • thin skin
  • tighty-whitey
  • tinky winky
  • tramp stamp
  • true blue
  • turkey jerky
  • tutti frutti
  • tutu
  • TV
  • undone
  • voodoo
  • wall ball
  • walkie-talkie
  • waylay
  • wear and tear
  • white flight
  • white knight
  • wi-fi
  • willy-nilly
  • wing-ding
  • without a doubt
  • wonton
  • word nerd
  • yolo

Here are a few of my own: 

  • airy-fairy
  • silly billy
  • cheat sheet
  • fleet feet
  • over rover
  • mumbo jumbo
  • heebie jeebies
  • dream team
  • sweet-meat
  • holy moly
  • yo bro
  • dumb bum
  • happy chappy

This site has a rhyme generator e.g. Sean Reeves misperceives, interleaves and misconceives.